Floristička analiza korova u organskim zasadima maline

Abstract

Analizom korovske flore u mladim zasadima maline u selu Osreci zabeleženo je prisustvo ukupno 26 korovskih vrsta [7 korovskih (segetalnih), 13 korovsko-ruderalnih, 1 ruderalna i 5 korova livada i pašnjaka]. Većina evidentiranih korova cvetala je od juna do septembra. U konstatovanoj korovskoj flori dominirali su predstavnici klase Magnoliopsida (dikotile, širokolisni korovi) i to 24 vrste, dok su iz klase Liliopsida (monokotile, uskolisni korovi), bile prisutne samo dve vrste. Analiza životnih formi korova u zasadima maline pokazala je blagu dominaciju hemikriptofita (38,46%) u odnosu na geofite (30,77%) i terofite (26,92%). Zakorovljenost nije bila velika, jer je na svakih deset do petnaest dana vršeno međuredno kultiviranje, a u redovima, oko biljaka, su ručno odstranjivani korovi. Bez obzira na mehaničko odstranjivanje korova diverzitet korovske flore nije bio zanemarljiv. U svim posmatranim mladim zasadima maline najučestaliji korovi bili su: Salvia verticillata L., Lathyrus latifolius L., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Equisetum arvense L., Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn., Polygonum convolvulus L., Convolvulus arvensis L., Chenopodium album L.

The analysis of the weed flora in the young raspberry plantations in the village of Osreci revealed the presence of a total of 26 weed species [7 weed (segetal), 13 weed-ruderal, 1 ruderal and 5 weeds of meadows and pastures]. The most of the identified weeds flowered from June to September. The recorded weed flora is dominated by representatives of the class Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons, broad-leaved weeds) with 24 species, while only two species are present from the class Liliopsida (monocotyledons, narrow-leaved weeds). The analysis of weed life forms in raspberry plantations shows a slight dominance of hemicryptophytes (38.46%) compared to geophytes (30.77%) and therophytes (26.92%). The number of weeds was not high, because inter-row cultivation was done every ten to fifteen days, and weeds were manually removed in the rows, around the plants. Regardless of the mechanical removal of weeds, the diversity of the weed flora was not negligible. In all observed young raspberry plantations, the most frequent weeds are: Salvia verticillata L., Lathyrus latifolius L., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Equisetum arvense L., Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn., Polygonum convolvulus L., Convolvulus arvensis L., Chenopodium album L.