Neki atributi vegetativnog rasta, prinosa i kvaliteta ploda kajsije (Prunus armeniaca L.) u zavisnosti od sorte i podloge

Abstract

U periodu od 2011. do 2016. godine ispitivan je uticaj tri podloge (sejanac Džanarike, St. Julien A, Pumiselect®) na bujnost stabla, prorodevanje, prinos i spoljašnji kvalitet ploda (masa ploda i koštice, randman mezokarpa i oblik ploda) kod tri genotipa kajsije [‘Novosadska rodna’ (‘NR’), ‘NS-4’, ‘NS-6’]. Rezultati su pokazali da podloge nisu uticale na bujnost stabala genotipova, ali su menjale njihov prinos, kumulativni prinos i koeficijent rodnosti, osim kod ‘NR’ i ‘NS-4’. Pumiselect® je uslovio bolje vrednosti ispitivanih paramatera u poređenju sa Džanarikom i St. Julien A. Nije bilo značajnih razlika u bujnosti stabla i parametrima produktivnosti između genotipova. Što se tiče fizičkih osobina ploda, podloge su izazvale variranje njegove mase kod svih genotipova, randmana mezokarpa kod ‘NR’ i ‘NS-6’ i oblika ploda kod ‘NS-4’ i ‘NS-6’. U većini slučajeva, plodovi genotipova na Pumiselect® i St. Julien A su imali veću masu ploda i randman mesa u odnosu na Džanariku. Džanarika, delimično i Pumiselect®, su uticali na povećanje vrednosti sferičnosti. Uticaj podloga na masu koštice nije bio značajan. Što se tiče genotipova, oni su uticali na variranje mase ploda i koštice, ali nisu uticali na vrednosti randmana mesa i sferičnosti. ‘NR’ je imala najveću masu ploda, dok su najveću masu koštice imali ‘NR’ i ‘NS-4’. ‘NS-6’ je imao najmanju masu ploda i koštice.

From 2011 to 2016, the influence of three rootstocks (Myrobalan seedlings, St. Julien A, Pumiselect®) on the tree vigour, precocity, yield and external fruit quality (fruit and stone weight, flesh rate and fruit shape) at the three genotypes of apricot [‘Novosadska rodna’ (‘NR’), ‘NS-4’, ‘NS-6’] was investigated. Results showed that rootstocks were not affected tree growth of genotypes, but changed their yield, cumulative yield and yield efficiency, except for ‘NR’ and ‘NS-4’. Pumiselect® conditioned better values for investigated parameters in comparison with Myrobalan and St. Julien A, respectively. Differences in tree vigour and productivity parameters among genotypes were not significant. As far as the fruit physical properties, the rootstocks caused variation of their weight in all genotypes, flesh rate in ‘NR’ and ‘NS- 6’ and fruit shape (sphericity) in ‘NS-4’ and ‘NS-6’. In the most cases, the fruits of genotypes on Pumiselect® and St. Julien A had higher fruit weight and flesh rate in relation to the Myrobalan. Myrobalan, partially Pumiselect®, have contributed to the increase sphericity values. The influence of rootstocks on stone weight was not significant. As for as the genotypes, they are influenced variation of fruit and stone weight, but did not affect the values of flesh rate and sphericity, respectively. 'NR' had the highest fruit weight, whereas the highest stone weight had 'NR' and ‘NS-4’. ‘NS-6’ had the lowest fruit and stone weight.