Uticaj novih vegetativnih podloga na bujnost, prinos i pomološke osobine sorti šljive ʻČačanska lepoticaʼ i ʻJojoʼ

Abstract

Pored brojnih nedostataka, sejanac džanarike (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.) je najzastupljenija podloga za šljivu u Republici Srbiji. Iako se u svetu dosta radi na stvaranju vegetativnih podloga, one uglavnom nisu dostupne proizvođačima u našoj zemlji. U ovom radu je ispitivan uticaj četiri vegetativne podloge: ʻWavitʼ, ʻWeivaʼ, ʻDoceraʼ i ʻDospinaʼ, od kojih su poslednje dve hipersenzitivne na virus šarke šljive, na bujnost, prinos i pomološke osobine dve sorte šljive ʻČačanska lepoticaʼ i ʻJojoʼ. Utvrđeno je da su pomenute podloge na različit način uticale na ispitivane osobine. Najveću bujnost stabla obe sorte uzrokovala je podloga ‘Weiva’, dok su najslabiju bujnost sorte ‘Čačanska lepotica’ uzrokovale podloge ‘Docera’ i ‘Wavit’, a sorte ‘Jojo’ podloga ‘Dospina’. Najveći prinos je indukovala podloga ‘Weiva’, a najslabiji podloge ‘Docera’ i ‘Wavit’. Najveći uticaj na masu ploda imale su podloge ‘Weiva’ i ‘Wavit’, a na morfometrijske osobine ploda ‘Dospina’ i ‘Wavit’. Kada su u pitanju sorte, veća bujnost, prinos, masa i dimenzije ploda su utvrđeni kod sorte ‘Jojo’ u odnosu na sortu ‘Čačanska lepotica’.

Despite numerous deficiencies, the Myrobalan seedling is the most common plum rootstock in the Republic of Serbia. Although a large number of vegetative rootstocks exists worldvide, they are generally not available to producers in our country. In this work, we investigae the influence of four vegetative rootstocks: ʻWavitʼ, ʻWeivaʼ, ʻDoceraʼ and ʻDospinaʼ (last two are hypersensitive to Sharka virus) on tree vigour, yield and pomological properties of two plum cultivars ʻJojoʼ and ʻČačanska Lepoticaʼ. All rootstocks differently affected examined properties. The largest tree vigour in both cultivars was caused by ‘Weiva’, while the smallest tree vigour of ‘Čačanska Lepotica’ was affected by ‘Docera’ and ‘Wavit’, as well as by ‘Dospina’ in ‘Jojo’. The highest yield was induced by ‘Weiva’, and smallest by ‘Docera’ and ‘Wavit’. Rootstocks ‘Weiva’ and ‘Wavit’ showed the largest influence on fruit weight while ‘Dospina’ and ‘Wavit’ affected morphometric properties the most. In terms of cultivars, ‘Jojo’ had largest tree vigour, yield, fruit weight and morphometric properties compared to ‘Čačanska Lepotica’.