Genetic variability and selection in natural populations of vineyard peach (prunus persica SSP vulgaris mill.) In the Krusevac region (Central Serbia)

Abstract

In situ selection of vineyard peach (Prunus persica ssp. vulgaris Mill.) genotypes was conducted in 2006 and 2007 in the region of Krusevac (Central Serbia). Identification, observation and recording of the phenological and pomological properties of the highest-quality genotypes were carried out. Twenty-eight genotypes of the highest quality were selected out of 2093 genotypes, based on biological and pomological properties, and compared to those of cv. Redhaven (control). The onset of flowering varied (April 7-21), being early in two genotypes and late in one genotype, as compared to Redhaven, while 25 genotypes showed an intermediate flowering date, as Redhaven did. Campanula flowers were found in six genotypes, as in Redhaven, and the rosaceous type in 22 genotypes. All genotypes showed late harvest time in relation to Redhaven. Fruit weight and stone weight ranged between 10.23 +/- 0.5 to 78.03 +/- 3.6 g, and 1.91 +/- 0.1 to 5.40 +/- 0.9 g. Fruits were predominantly rounded, while the stones were ovoid. The selected vineyard peach genotypes showed favorable phenological and pomological properties that can be used in further breeding programs.