Uspostavljanje aseptične kulture in vitro novih vegetativnih podloga za trešnju, krušku i šljivu

Abstract

Procedura sterilizacije eksplantata, kao prva faza mikropropagacije je veoma važna za uspešnost organogeneze, posebno ako se početni eksplantati uzimaju iz otvorenog polja, odnosno voćnjaka, ili iz staklara i mrežanika. Standardna procedura površinske sterilizacije, vremenski modifikovana je primenjena na podlogama Gisela 5, Pyrodwarf i Fereley Jaspi. Dve vrste eksplantata su korišćene: pupoljci sa grančica držanih u laboratorijskim uslovima i sa grančica poreklom iz mrežanika. Najveći % indukovanih lisnih rozeta dobijen je uzimanjem eksplantata iz laboratorijskih uslova, posebno kod podloge Gisela 5, 82,7%.

Explant sterilization procedure, the initial phase of micropropagation, is very important for the successful organogenesis outcome, especially when initial explants are collected from open field (a planting) or glass house/screen house. Standard procedure of surface sterilization, modified in terms of time, has been applied on Gisela, Pyrodward and Fereley Jaspi rootstocks. Two types of explants were used: buds taken from twigs maintained in laboratory, and from those maintained in a screen house. The highest rate (%) of induced leaf rosettes was obtained from laboratory explants of Gisela 5 (82.7%). Besides type and method of taking explants, which are major factors of successful establishment of sterile culture, the method of surface sterilization, modified in terms of time, has also proved a significant segment. In the procedure of establishment of aseptic culture experience plays an important role. It varies among laboratories, as each micropropagation laboratory introduces new modifications. Nevertheless, any innovation represents a very important contribution to the success of this modern method of plant/fruit propagation which can be widely applied, particularly in commercial laboratories.