Kvalitativna analiza antocijana u pokožici ploda šljive

Abstract

Antocijani predstavljaju biljne pigmente koji pripadaju grupi polifenolnih antioksidanasa sa izrazitim preventivnim dejstvom prema nastajanju malignih kardiovaskularnih i drugih bolesti. U radu su prikazani rezultati kvalitativne analize antocijana pokožice ploda 30 sorti šljive, dobijenih primenom jednodimenzionalne tankoslojne hromatografije. Na bazi Rf vrednosti u analiziranom materijalu identifikovana su 4 antocijana, i to cijanidin-3-glukozid, peonidin-3-glukozid, peonidin-3-rutinozid i cijanidin-3-rutinozid.

Anthocyanins are important ingredients of the plum fruit. They comprise numerous plant pigments, belonging to the group of polyphenolic anti-oxidants, and possessing a marked ability to prevent the appearance of malign, cardio-vascular and other illnesses. The qualitative analysis of the anthocyanins of the fruit skin of 30 plum cultivars was done using the method of one-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. The identification of anthocyanins was done based on the Rf value, while the relative content was valued using a numeric scale 0 - 5. Based on the Rf value in the analysed material, 4 anthocyanins were identified: cyanidin-3-glucoside peonidin-3-glucoside, peonidin-3-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-rutinoside. According to the number of anthocyanins in the skin, these can be classified in three groups. The identified anthocyanins were present in the analysed material to a varying degree, so that cyanidin-3-glucoside was found in the fruit skin of 28 examined cultivars, peonidin-3-glucoside in 24 peonidin-3-rutinoside in 30 and cyanidin-3-rutinoside in 28. The relative content of peonidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-rutinoside ranged from barely traceable to 4, i.e. to 5 for cyanidin-3-glucoside and peonidin-3-rutinoside. The relative average content of the identified anthocyanins, in the analysed plum cultivars was: 2.45 for cyanidin-3-glucoside, 1.33 for peonidin-3-glucoside, 3.43 for peonidin-3-rutinoside and 1.80 for cyanidin-3-rutinoside.